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A political organization is an organization that involves itself in the political process. In a broader sense, a political organization can also be viewed as a political system, as long as it includes the entire system and body of government. It creates a form of structure to abide by. A political organization as distinct from a Political Party is generally a non-partisan body that is established and engaged in the political process in order to bring about or support a partiare separate from Political parties in that they do not endorse and run candidates for public office, their membership is open and non-partisan). Humanitarian beliefs Humanitarianism is an ethic of active compassion which became expressed in philanthropy and social welfare. From an exclusive concern with charity, humanitarian action was led increasingly to vindication of the respect owed to the individual human being. This idea, originating in stoic natural law, became, in its Christian and secular manifestations, an important influence in European thought. Not immediately, but eventually, denial of the spiritual equality inhering in every human being became the touchstone of ’wrongness’ in humanitarian action. The Enlightenment advanced the idea that humanity could be improved by reform of laws and change in social structure. This idea combined with the humanitarian ethic of active compassion. Both Humanitarianism and Human Rights are closely associated. Both movements are grounded upon the moral significance of the individual human being. However, compassion and the alleviation of suffering are not necessary in order to give effect to a human right; and thus that original and basic element in humanitarianism forms no part of ’Human Rights’. The question though, in relation to humanitarian reform, is whether the denial of a human right and the abuses which humanitarians seek to reform, are generically the same or differ and, if so, in what way. Humanitarianism did not campaign against abuses on the ground of human rights but in the name of humanity. The wrongs which the Humanitarian movement addressed related to violation of moral duties simle. Torture is similarly absolute. A ’right’, in the strict sense, requires a ’right-holder’. It is the negation of a right if the person advantaged has no option whether to make or decline to make a moral claim. The duty consequent upon a right may not arise until the right has been exercised. The moral claims of slaves and of forced laborers exist independently of their objection. Slavery, torture, cruel punishments cannot be absolved by consent. In the 18th and 19th centuries the ethic of active compassion coalesced with other ideas and the interaction resulting from this turned humanitarianism in the direction of reform. These accompanying ideas were: rationalism, individualism and of the concept of social and legal reform.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia : Political Organizations |
